In plain words
So the ancients set down certain qualifications for everything. Today they set down all these qualifications by their own likes and dislikes. Whether you do it, or I do it, or anyone does it, wrong is wrong, good is good. We must study the learning that upholds justice with this sense of equality. Some may be foreigners. Some may be of our own country. Whether of our own country or foreigners, human nature is one. We must study the learning that makes us recognise this good and bad. But if only we like it, however great the hardships, however great the losses, we regard them as pleasures, as things we like. If we do not like it, however good, however pure it is, we feel it only as hardship. This is the perverse path of learning. We must not develop such a perversion in learning. There may be love of one's country. There may be love of one's body. But just because there is such attachment, we must not take wrong for right and right for wrong. So within this thing called national character we must develop this equality well. For this, some examples.
Before independence came, Bhārata was under the rule of foreigners. Then they kept thirty thousand soldiers for the defence of the country. For so great a kingdom they appointed only thirty thousand soldiers. On these thirty thousand soldiers the British went on spending fifty crores. Then the people of Bhārata who loved their country went on condemning the British. They are spending fifty crores in the name of this defence. They are plundering Bhārata. They are making Bhārata poor: so they went on criticising them. What was the reason for this? Differences born of hatred, that foreigners had come to our country and were ruling it. But in these forty years, after independence came, they appointed fifteen lakh soldiers to protect our Bhārata. From the thirty thousand soldiers there were, our people raised it to fifteen lakh soldiers. On all these fifteen lakh soldiers they are now spending twelve thousand crores in defence. Then, only fifty crores. But when we look today, though they are spending so many crores, we think what we spend today is just. We think what they spent was unjust. We need not go that far. Madras, Kerala and Andhra, these three together, made up Madras State. That is, from Visakhapatnam to Kanyakumari it was one kingdom. There were five thousand policemen. Today there are some thousands of policemen. For all these policemen together, one I.G.P. Now for each state 15 or 16 I.G.P.s have come into being. Formerly there was one I.G.P. for these three states together; today each state has 12, 14 I.G.P.s. How much expense this makes! That is why Bhārata today is sinking into debt.