Passage 3

In English

The history of India holds forth before us the folly of repeating the wrong already done. The French, the Portuguese, the and the Afghans have all warned Indians against this characteristic. Duplex has recorded that he was able to establish French rule in the then region with the help of the . helped Clue to conquer . helped the foreigner to conquer . Foreign rule was established in India, with the help of Indians themselves. Inhabitants of an island, eleven thousand miles away, were able to conquer India, sixteen times its size having eight times its population, and rule over it for one hundred and ninety years, because of one basic defect, disunity caused by mutual suspicion, selfishness, jealousy. Union is strength; disunion brings disaster.