Passage 3

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In plain words

It stays just as itself. But it does not exist as any other thing. Then what is the basis for saying that there is no principle in any way equal to it? What is this thing like? This thing is just this thing. But there is no way at all to compare it. When you set out to liken one thing to another, only if that thing is like this one at all times, in all places and in all circumstances can it be compared. How can a principle beyond the sway of place, time and circumstance be compared?

Two are born from one mother's womb as twins. Even those twins cannot be … compared. In some matter or other there will be differences between the one and the other. More than that, every substance in the world is something that changes. When things keep on changing like this, how can one thing be compared with another? That is why it is eternal, unmoving, beyond number, free of upādhi, free of fault, beyond equal or superior, which means there is no room at all to compare it. The Buddha taught this very thing, that the world holds a state of change; sarvam duḥkhaṃ duḥkhaṃ, sarvam kṣaṇikaṃ kṣaṇikaṃ, sarvaṃ anityaṃ. That is why this whole life, and the whole of this nature, keep changing moment by moment. In keeping with this change, these forms too keep changing. Along with your form, your name too goes on changing. The moment you were born, they called you a small child. Your form that day is like some lump of blood. Growing and growing, you became a boy. By the time you were 10 years old, they were calling you a boy. Some years later they call you Man. When 75 years have gone by, they call you grandfather. So though this child, boy, man and grandfather are one and the same, how many changes it has gone through! So how can a thing that changes in this way be compared with another thing that changes? Whatever object gives a person pleasure, that object changes. Whoever enjoys this pleasure, that person too is changing. The object that brings change makes the person who experiences the change change as well. So when both, the object that gives pleasure and the person who enjoys it, keep changing, can this happiness, for its part, stay unchanged?

The whole world is a thing of change. So the Gītā has described it: anityaṃ asukhaṃ lokaṃ. But there are three levels here. The eternal within the real is one; the unreal within the real; the unreal within the unreal. We must … recognise the nature of these three.