In plain words
is what Bharatiya paramartha makes clear. These are self-wrought. Could not the karmas of a previous birth simply be the tendencies of human bodies, characteristics handed down to them by heredity? Here there stand, like two parallel lines, two distinct entities: one mental, the other material. If, for every peculiarity of the mind, satisfying answers could be found within material substance and its transformations, there would be no need even to suppose that a thing called the Ātma exists at all.
But to prove that the power of thought arose out of material substances is impossible. Is habit not simply the repeated performance of a single task, again and again? One cannot avoid concluding, then, that the innate tendencies shown by an Ātma at the very moment of its birth must have been accomplished only through repeated practice. These habits were not acquired in this present birth. Hence it is exactly this — that rebirth must indeed be so — that the river of Bharatiya paramartha teaches.