Verse 34

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The ladder of living things· Verses 28–34

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Living things are better than lifeless ones, good woman, and those that carry breath better than they; better than those are the ones with thought, and then those in whom the senses work. Among these, they that know taste are better than they that know touch; better than those, they that know smell; and best of these, they that know sound. Better again are they that make out differences of form, and then those with teeth in both jaws. Among these the many-footed are the best, and then the four-footed, and then the two-footed. Then come the four classes, and among them the brahmin is highest; and among brahmins, the one who knows the Veda; and higher than he, the one who knows what it means.

Better than one who knows the meaning is one who cuts through doubt; better than he, the one who does his own work; and better still, the one who has let attachment go and does not milk his duty for himself. Better than him is one who has laid his whole doing and its aims and himself in me without a break. I see no being higher than a man who has given himself to me, laid down his works in me, does nothing, and sees all alike. Let him bow in his mind to these beings and hold them in high honour, saying: the Lord, the Bhagavan, has entered them by a portion of himself that is the living one.