The works of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣyam

Verse 40

ब्रह्म वा इदमग्र आसीत्तदात्मानमेवा-वेत् ।अहं ब्रह्मास्मीति ।तस्मात्तत्सर्व-मभवत्तद्यो यो देवानां प्रत्यबुध्यत सएव तदभवत्तथर्षीणां तथा मनुष्याणांतद्धैतत्पश्यन्नृषिर्वामदेवः प्रतिपेदेऽहं म-नुरभवं सूर्यश्चेति ।तदिदमप्येतर्हिय एवं वेदाहं ब्रह्मास्मीति स इदँ सर्वंभवति तस्य ह न देवाश्चनाभूत्या ईशते ।आत्मा ह्येषाँ स भवति अथ योऽन्यां दे-वतामुपास्तेऽन्योऽसावन्योऽहमस्मीति नस वेद यथा पशुरेवँ स देवानाम् ।यथाह वै बहवः पशवो मनुष्यं भुञ्ज्युरेवमे-कैकः पुरुषो देवान्भुनक्त्येकस्मिन्नेव प-शावादीयमानेऽप्रियं भवति किमु बहुषुतस्मादेषां तन्न प्रियं यदेतन्मनुष्याविद्युः ॥ १० ॥

In plain words

In the beginning, this universe was Brahman indeed. And it knew only itself: 'I am Brahman.' Therefore, it became all. Whosoever among the gods awakened to this, he indeed became that; likewise among the seers, and likewise among men. Seeing this very truth, the sage Vamadeva proclaimed: 'I was Manu, and the sun.' And even today, whoever thus knows 'I am Brahman' becomes this entire universe. Not even the gods can prevent him from being free, for he becomes their very Self. But he who worships another deity, thinking 'He is one and I am another,' does not know the truth; he is like a domestic animal to the gods. Just as many cattle serve a human being, so does every ignorant person sustain the gods through ritual. When even a single beast is taken away, it brings pain to the owner—how much more when many are taken! Therefore, the gods are not pleased that human beings should know this truth.

Close to the Sanskrit

Brahman indeed this in the beginning was. That knew its Self only: 'I am Brahman' thus. Therefore that became all. That whoever of the gods awakened, that indeed became that; similarly of seers, similarly of men. That indeed seeing this the seer Vamadeva attained: 'I was Manu and the sun' thus. That this also now, who thus knows 'I am Brahman' thus, he becomes all this. Of him not even the gods are capable of non-prosperity. The Self indeed of these he becomes. Now, who worships another deity, 'Other is that, other am I' thus, he knows not. Like a beast indeed he is of the gods. As indeed many beasts serve a man, so each person sustains the gods. In a single animal being taken away, it is displeasing; how much more in many! Therefore this is not dear to them, that men should know this.