The works of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Sanatsujātīyam

p. 245

p. 245

कर्मजन्यापूर्वसंयुक्तो भवति ।तेन पुण्येन पापं विनिहत्य क्षपयित्वा पश्चात् उत्तरकाले क्षपिताशेषकल्मषो जायते ज्ञानविदीपितात्मा ज्ञानप्रकाशितचित्सदानन्दाद्वितीयब्रह्मस्वरूपो भवति ।ज्ञानेन चात्मानं परमात्मानम् उपैति प्राप्नोति विद्वान् आत्मवित् ।अन्यथा पुनरीश्वरार्थं कर्मानुष्ठानेनाक्षपिताशेषकल्मषो न ज्ञानी भवति ।तदा वर्गफलानुकाङ्क्षी इन्द्रियफलानुकाङ्क्षी स्वर्गादिफलानुकाङ्क्षी सन् अस्मिन् लोके कृतं तत् यज्ञादिकं परिगृह्य सर्वम् अमुत्र परलोके तत्फलमुपभुङ्क्ते ।ततः कर्मशेषेण पुनरेति मार्गं संसारमार्गम् ।तथा च श्रुतिः—‘तस्मिन्यावत्संपातमुषित्वाथैतमेवाध्वानं पुनर्निवर्तन्ते’ ॥

In plain words

Action leaves its trace, binding the soul to its consequences. Only when merit wears away demerit and knowledge dawns does a person stand free—their inner being lit by wisdom, shining as the non-dual reality of pure consciousness and bliss. Through wisdom the knower realizes the supreme Self. Without this wisdom, performing rituals simply to gain divine favor or heavenly rewards keeps the heart impure. Such a seeker takes up the fruit of their sacrifices in other realms, but when that merit exhausts, they return again to the treadmill of worldly existence. As the scripture declares: 'Having stayed in that realm until their merit is spent, they return along this very path.'

Close to the Sanskrit

He becomes connected with prior karma born from action. By that merit, having destroyed and exhausted sin, afterwards at a later time one becomes destroyed of all impurities, whose self is illumined by knowledge, whose nature is the non-dual Brahman of consciousness, bliss, and illumination. Through knowledge the knower, the knower of the self, approaches and attains the supreme self. Otherwise, by the performance of action for the sake of God with unexhausted impurities, one does not become wise. Then, desiring the fruits of classes, senses, and heaven, taking up the sacrifices and other acts done in this world, he enjoys that fruit in the other world. Then by the remainder of karma he comes again to the path, the path of saṃsāra. And thus the śruti says: 'Having dwelled there as long as the residue lasts, thereafter they return along this very path.'