Until Arjuna came to the battlefield, his antaḥkaraṇa was brimming over with hatred. Standing between the two armies, he looked this way and that; he saw Bhīṣma, Droṇa and the others standing in the front of the hostile side, and he thought that they were ready for war. And Arjuna, the steadfast hero, stood there downcast. The vṛttis of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna became opposed to each other. Whatever Kṛṣṇa Paramātma declared to be dharma, Arjuna took to arguing was adharma. Look for the cause, and it is mamakāra and abhimāna. That is why the one had the vision of pramā and the other the vision of bhramā. Arjuna fell wholly into the vision of bhramā, and through Ajñāna he had to burn in delusion. After reflecting for some while, he at last thought, "Svāmī! The vṛtti of mamakāra and the vṛtti of hatred are not favourable to Jñāna." He recognised his own fault within himself and said, "Mādhava, I cannot see my way; I will do everything as you wish." So he brought about in himself the vṛtti of Śaraṇāgati. To recognise one's own fault oneself is a disciple's first virtue. Man's foolishness swells the Ahaṅkāra that says, 'I know everything'.