“Arjuna! Listen. The root cause of all sorrows is Ajñāna itself. You may ask in turn, ‘What is Ajñāna?’ The delusion that the body is the Ātma: that is Ajñāna. For it to be removed, Jñāna is needed. Just as light is necessary for darkness to go, so Jñāna is necessary for Ajñāna to go. Otherwise, if you threaten darkness, scold it, pray to it to go, will it go? Try any other way but light, and it will neither leave nor move. In the same way, Ajñāna will not go merely by calling to mind that it should go; when one inquires into what its state and course are and comes to know the truth, Ajñāna vanishes.”