Bhashya
कतम आदित्या इति ।द्वादश वै मासाः संवत्सरस्यकालस्य अवयवाः प्रसिद्धाः, एते आदित्याः ; कथम् ? एतेहि यस्मात् पुनः पुनः परिवर्तमानाः प्राणिनामायूंषि कर्म-फलं च आददानाः गृह्णन्तः उपाददतः यन्ति गच्छन्ति-ते यत् यस्मात् एवम् इदं सर्वमाददाना यन्ति, तस्मादा-दित्या इति ॥
In plain words
‘And which are the Ādityas?’ The twelve months, everyone knows, are simply the divisions of the year, of time itself — and these are the Ādityas. Why? Because they turn and turn again, and as they turn they take with them the lifespans and the fruits of action of every living being — grasping, seizing, carrying it all away as they move on. Because they take everything with them as they go, they are called Ādityas, ‘the takers.’
Close to the Sanskrit
'Which are the Ādityas?' — The twelve months are the well-known parts of the year, of time; these are the Ādityas. How so? Because these, revolving again and again, taking, seizing, appropriating the lifespans and the fruit of action of living beings, go, proceed. Since, in this way, taking all this, they go, therefore [they are] Ādityas.